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workforce2.py

#!/usr/bin/python

# Copyright 2016, Gurobi Optimization, Inc.

# Assign workers to shifts; each worker may or may not be available on a
# particular day. If the problem cannot be solved, use IIS iteratively to
# find all conflicting constraints.

from gurobipy import *

# Number of workers required for each shift
shifts, shiftRequirements = multidict({
  "Mon1":  3,
  "Tue2":  2,
  "Wed3":  4,
  "Thu4":  4,
  "Fri5":  5,
  "Sat6":  6,
  "Sun7":  5,
  "Mon8":  2,
  "Tue9":  2,
  "Wed10": 3,
  "Thu11": 4,
  "Fri12": 6,
  "Sat13": 7,
  "Sun14": 5 })

# Amount each worker is paid to work one shift
workers, pay = multidict({
  "Amy":   10,
  "Bob":   12,
  "Cathy": 10,
  "Dan":   8,
  "Ed":    8,
  "Fred":  9,
  "Gu":    11 })

# Worker availability
availability = tuplelist([
('Amy', 'Tue2'), ('Amy', 'Wed3'), ('Amy', 'Fri5'), ('Amy', 'Sun7'),
('Amy', 'Tue9'), ('Amy', 'Wed10'), ('Amy', 'Thu11'), ('Amy', 'Fri12'),
('Amy', 'Sat13'), ('Amy', 'Sun14'), ('Bob', 'Mon1'), ('Bob', 'Tue2'),
('Bob', 'Fri5'), ('Bob', 'Sat6'), ('Bob', 'Mon8'), ('Bob', 'Thu11'),
('Bob', 'Sat13'), ('Cathy', 'Wed3'), ('Cathy', 'Thu4'), ('Cathy', 'Fri5'),
('Cathy', 'Sun7'), ('Cathy', 'Mon8'), ('Cathy', 'Tue9'), ('Cathy', 'Wed10'),
('Cathy', 'Thu11'), ('Cathy', 'Fri12'), ('Cathy', 'Sat13'),
('Cathy', 'Sun14'), ('Dan', 'Tue2'), ('Dan', 'Wed3'), ('Dan', 'Fri5'),
('Dan', 'Sat6'), ('Dan', 'Mon8'), ('Dan', 'Tue9'), ('Dan', 'Wed10'),
('Dan', 'Thu11'), ('Dan', 'Fri12'), ('Dan', 'Sat13'), ('Dan', 'Sun14'),
('Ed', 'Mon1'), ('Ed', 'Tue2'), ('Ed', 'Wed3'), ('Ed', 'Thu4'),
('Ed', 'Fri5'), ('Ed', 'Sun7'), ('Ed', 'Mon8'), ('Ed', 'Tue9'),
('Ed', 'Thu11'), ('Ed', 'Sat13'), ('Ed', 'Sun14'), ('Fred', 'Mon1'),
('Fred', 'Tue2'), ('Fred', 'Wed3'), ('Fred', 'Sat6'), ('Fred', 'Mon8'),
('Fred', 'Tue9'), ('Fred', 'Fri12'), ('Fred', 'Sat13'), ('Fred', 'Sun14'),
('Gu', 'Mon1'), ('Gu', 'Tue2'), ('Gu', 'Wed3'), ('Gu', 'Fri5'),
('Gu', 'Sat6'), ('Gu', 'Sun7'), ('Gu', 'Mon8'), ('Gu', 'Tue9'),
('Gu', 'Wed10'), ('Gu', 'Thu11'), ('Gu', 'Fri12'), ('Gu', 'Sat13'),
('Gu', 'Sun14')
])

# Model
m = Model("assignment")

# Assignment variables: x[w,s] == 1 if worker w is assigned to shift s.
# Since an assignment model always produces integer solutions, we use
# continuous variables and solve as an LP.
x = {}
for w,s in availability:
    x[w,s] = m.addVar(ub=1, obj=pay[w], name=w+"."+s)

# The objective is to minimize the total pay costs
m.modelSense = GRB.MINIMIZE

# Update model to integrate new variables
m.update()

# Constraint: assign exactly shiftRequirements[s] workers to each shift s
reqCts = {}
for s in shifts:
    reqCts[s] = m.addConstr(
      quicksum(x[w,s] for w,s in availability.select('*', s)) ==
        shiftRequirements[s], s)

# Optimize
m.optimize()
status = m.status
if status == GRB.Status.UNBOUNDED:
    print('The model cannot be solved because it is unbounded')
    exit(0)
if status == GRB.Status.OPTIMAL:
    print('The optimal objective is %g' % m.objVal)
    exit(0)
if status != GRB.Status.INF_OR_UNBD and status != GRB.Status.INFEASIBLE:
    print('Optimization was stopped with status %d' % status)
    exit(0)

# do IIS
print('The model is infeasible; computing IIS')
removed = []

# Loop until we reduce to a model that can be solved
while True:

    m.computeIIS()
    print('\nThe following constraint cannot be satisfied:')
    for c in m.getConstrs():
        if c.IISConstr:
            print('%s' % c.constrName)
            # Remove a single constraint from the model
            removed.append(str(c.constrName))
            m.remove(c)
            break
    print('')

    m.optimize()
    status = m.status

    if status == GRB.Status.UNBOUNDED:
        print('The model cannot be solved because it is unbounded')
        exit(0)
    if status == GRB.Status.OPTIMAL:
        break
    if status != GRB.Status.INF_OR_UNBD and status != GRB.Status.INFEASIBLE:
        print('Optimization was stopped with status %d' % status)
        exit(0)

print('\nThe following constraints were removed to get a feasible LP:')
print(removed)

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Next: workforce3.py Up: Python Examples Previous: workforce1.py